In recent days, most controversial issue in Turkiye is “Kurdish problem”. Prime Minister R. Tayyip Erdogan, first time had expressed the concept of “Kurdish Problem” in his speech in Diyarbakir on August 12, 2005. After 4 years, an extensive discussion began on this issue. This discussion process will be leading to the creation of a federal Kurdish state in the Middle East.
At the end of World War I, Western countries did not want to establish a Kurdish State in the Middle East. Because Westerners entered into oil agreement with Iran. And in Turkiye, M. Kemal Ataturk would not allow the partition of Anatolia. They saw more suitable to establishment of many states in Arab lands to dominate the oils of the Middle East.
Until World War II, all of the Islamic countries in the Middle East have achieved independence. Dominating of Western countries and U.S. to oils of the Middle East was very important. After the beginning of Cold War, some time the Russians sometimes Westerners began to provocation Kurds in this region. Previously, Iraq had dominated by the Russians. Iraq Baas Administration, which had to agree with Kurds, declared Suleymaniye and the region between two Zap as the Autonomous Kurdish Region in 1970, March 11, by Law.
After the 1979 Islamic Revolution, Westerners began to support Iraq against to Iran. 6 months after Khomeini, Saddam Hussein became president in Iraq with the help of the CIA. 6 months later, Saddam launched a war against Iran. In 1988, when Khomeini was sick, both Iran – Iraq War stopped and governance has changed in Iran. Saddam Hussein was thoroughly spoiled with U.S. support. Firstly he attacked the Kurds that collaborating with Iran during the war and conducted a massacre in Halepce town. Then he invaded Kuwait. This situation has created a significant opportunity for Westerners.
At 5 April 1991, following the United Nations’ Act 688; “security zone” were declared both in South and North Iraq. North Iraq Secure Region, which was also known as 36. Parallel, in fact aimed to protect the Kurdish Autonomous Region as designated on 1970.
At 5 April 1991, following the United Nations’ Act 688; “security zone” were declared both in South and North Iraq. North Iraq Secure Region, which was also known as 36. Parallel, in fact aimed to protect the Kurdish Autonomous Region as designated on 1970. Although Musul and Telafer that is Turkish town was on the 36. Parallel, it was left outside of the secure region, while Talabani governed Suleymaniye was included on the secure region, though stayed under the 36. Parallel. Real aim was taking Kurdish Federation under protection.
In 2003, the U.S. and Britain did to cooperate with Kurds during the invasion of Iraq. After the coalition troops settled in Iraq, Kurdish terrorist organizations began to attack in Mahabat region in Iran, in Haseki region in Syria and in Turkiye. Invasion of Iraq was costly to the U.S. Close to 5 thousand dead and more than 30 thousand U.S. military troops injured. When Obama came to power, the U.S. has decided to withdraw from Iraq completely.
U.S. and the UK’s current objective: to protect Kurds in the region. Firstly the issue must be done in Turkiye for peace and security of Iraqi Kurds. If Turkiye and the PKK understood, PKK will withdraw from northern Iraq and will be strengthened Kurdish Federation in Iraq.
PKK’s current objective: to combine under a constitutional identity. Yet the PKK does not want a federation in Turkiye, because the conditions are not available. But future objective of the Kurds in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria is to establish their own federal state. Kurdish Problem which discuss in Turkiye is first steps for Federal Kurdish State will be established in the future.
